Imagine that there are only two countries in the world: America
and China. Each country produces and consumes two goods – a
tradable good (T) and a non-tradable good (NT). The production of
these goods involves the use of labour, but no other resources are
used in the production process. This is of course a ridiculous
assumption, but it is one we will make for the purposes of this
assignment. There are perfectly competitive markets for the
non-tradable good (NT) in each country, but no trade in this good
between the countries. There is a perfectly competitive global
market in the traded good (T). Labour is homogeneous within
America. An hour of labour produces 10 units of the traded good (T)
or 5 units of the non-traded good (NT) in America. Labour costs are
10 dollars (USD) an hour in America. Labour is also homogenous
within China. An hour of labour produces 5 units of the traded good
(T) or 5 units of the non-traded good (NT) in China. Labour costs
are 10 yuan (CNY) an hour in China.
Which currency is undervalued, relative to its PPP level? What is the cause of this undervaluation? What is the value of the real exchange rate, where the CNY is the commodity currency and the USD is the terms currency? (3 marks)
Which currency is undervalued, relative to its PPP level? What is the cause of this undervaluation? What is the value of the real exchange rate, where the CNY is the commodity currency and the USD is the terms currency? (3 marks)
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